List of basic MySql Command that are often used

This is a list of basic MySql Command that are often used .
To login (from unix shell) use -h only if needed.
# [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -h hostname -u root -p

Create a database on the sql server.
mysql> create database [databasename];

List all databases on the sql server.
mysql> show databases;

Switch to a database.
mysql> use [db name];

To see all the tables in the db.
mysql> show tables;
 
To see database's field formats.
mysql> describe [table name];
 
To delete a db.
mysql> drop database [database name];
 
To delete a table.
mysql> drop table [table name];
 
Show all data in a table.
mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name];
 
Returns the columns and column information pertaining to the designated table.
mysql> show columns from [table name];
 
Show certain selected rows with the value "whatever".
mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE [field name] = "whatever";
 
Show all records containing the name "Bob" AND the phone number '3444444'.
mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name = "Bob" AND phone_number = '3444444';
 
Show all records not containing the name "Bob" AND the phone number '3444444' order by the phone_number field.
mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name != "Bob" AND phone_number = '3444444' order by phone_number;
 
Show all records starting with the letters 'bob' AND the phone number '3444444'.
mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name like "Bob%" AND phone_number = '3444444';
 
Show all records starting with the letters 'bob' AND the phone number '3444444' limit to records 1 through 5.
mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name like "Bob%" AND phone_number = '3444444' limit 1,5;
 
Use a regular expression to find records. Use "REGEXP BINARY" to force case-sensitivity. This finds any record beginning with a.
mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE rec RLIKE "^a";
 
Show unique records.
mysql> SELECT DISTINCT [column name] FROM [table name];
Show selected records sorted in an ascending (asc) or descending (desc).
mysql> SELECT [col1],[col2] FROM [table name] ORDER BY [col2] DESC;
Return number of rows.
mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [table name];
 
Sum column.
mysql> SELECT SUM(*) FROM [table name];
Join tables on common columns.
mysql> select lookup.illustrationid, lookup.personid,person.birthday from lookup left join person on lookup.personid=person.personid=statement to join birthday in person table with primary illustration id;
 
Creating a new user. Login as root. Switch to the MySQL db. Make the user. Update privs.
# mysql -u root -pmysql> use mysql;mysql> INSERT INTO user (Host,User,Password) VALUES('%','username',PASSWORD('password'));mysql> flush privileges;
 
Change a users password from unix shell.
# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqladmin -u username -h hostname.blah.org -p password 'new-password'
 
Change a users password from MySQL prompt. Login as root. Set the password. Update privs.
# mysql -u root -pmysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'user'@'hostname' = PASSWORD('passwordhere');mysql> flush privileges;
 
Recover a MySQL root password. Stop the MySQL server process. Start again with no grant tables. Login to MySQL as root. Set new password. Exit MySQL and restart MySQL server.
# /etc/init.d/mysql stop# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &# mysql -u rootmysql> use mysql;mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD("newrootpassword") where User='root';mysql> flush privileges;mysql> quit# /etc/init.d/mysql stop# /etc/init.d/mysql start
 
Set a root password if there is on root password.
# mysqladmin -u root password newpassword
 
Update a root password.
# mysqladmin -u root -p oldpassword newpassword
 
Allow the user "bob" to connect to the server from localhost using the password "passwd". Login as root. Switch to the MySQL db. Give privs. Update privs.
# mysql -u root -pmysql> use mysql;mysql> grant usage on *.* to bob@localhost identified by 'passwd';mysql> flush privileges;
 
Give user privilages for a db. Login as root. Switch to the MySQL db. Grant privs. Update privs.
# mysql -u root -pmysql> use mysql;mysql> INSERT INTO db (Host,Db,User,Select_priv,Insert_priv,Update_priv,Delete_priv,Create_priv,Drop_priv) VALUES ('%','databasename','username','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','N');mysql> flush privileges; or
mysql> grant all privileges on databasename.* to username@localhost;mysql> flush privileges;
 
To update info already in a table.
mysql> UPDATE [table name] SET Select_priv = 'Y',Insert_priv = 'Y',Update_priv = 'Y' where [field name] = 'user';
 
Delete a row(s) from a table.
mysql> DELETE from [table name] where [field name] = 'whatever';
Update database permissions/privilages.
mysql> flush privileges;
 
Delete a column.
mysql> alter table [table name] drop column [column name];
 
Add a new column to db.
mysql> alter table [table name] add column [new column name] varchar (20);
 
Change column name.
mysql> alter table [table name] change [old column name] [new column name] varchar (50);
 
Make a unique column so you get no dupes.
mysql> alter table [table name] add unique ([column name]);
 
Make a column bigger.
mysql> alter table [table name] modify [column name] VARCHAR(3);
 
Delete unique from table.
mysql> alter table [table name] drop index [colmn name];
 
Load a CSV file into a table.
mysql> LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/filename.csv' replace INTO TABLE [table name] FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n' (field1,field2,field3);
 
Dump all databases for backup. Backup file is sql commands to recreate all db's.
# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u root -ppassword --opt >/tmp/alldatabases.sql
 
Dump one database for backup.
# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u username -ppassword --databases databasename >/tmp/databasename.sql
 
Dump a table from a database.
# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -c -u username -ppassword databasename tablename > /tmp/databasename.tablename.sql
 
Restore database (or database table) from backup.
# [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -u username -ppassword databasename < /tmp/databasename.sql
 
Create Table Example 1.
mysql> CREATE TABLE [table name] (firstname VARCHAR(20), middleinitial VARCHAR(3), lastname VARCHAR(35),suffix VARCHAR(3),officeid VARCHAR(10),userid VARCHAR(15),username VARCHAR(8),email VARCHAR(35),phone VARCHAR(25), groups VARCHAR(15),datestamp DATE,timestamp time,pgpemail VARCHAR(255));
 
Create Table Example 2.
mysql> create table [table name] (personid int(50) not null auto_increment primary key,firstname varchar(35),middlename varchar(50),lastnamevarchar(50) default 'bato');